Viking Influence on English

             Invasions and conquests were quite common during the first millennium AD in Britain (Baugh 76). From the ninth century the Vikings came to England invading from every corner of the secluded island of Britain, changing the English language forever. The invasions were led by both the Danes, in the North, and the Norwegians, in the south. Some people do not consider these raids of any importance, but in fact without these invasions the English language would have never accumulated into the internationally accepted language that is today.
             The Viking invasions, starting somewhere around 912 AD, were successful in territorial gains admittedly after their landing in East Anglia (187). Britain, at the time, was occupied by the Celtics, Anglos, Saxons, and the Jutes. After settling down in their new settlements the Vikings would marry to English females, since the Vikings traveled alone with no wives or females (http://www.ua.es/dfing/personal/profs/historia/web09/). This contributed to the mixture of the two ancestral languages and adaptation of certain words and sounds. Since the Vikings were close with the locals of the town or territories these words flourished throughout the whole of England, leaving its mark forever to be noticed in history.
             The Vikings has influenced, in many ways, the English language. The adaptation of certain sounds is one of these influences. The "sk-" sound, as in scrape and skin, was one of these sounds adopted. It was primarily taking the place of the "sc-" and "sh-" sounds of Old English (OE). Another sound adaptation was the use of the "g-" sound, as in give, get, and egg. This sound was used in place of the Old English sound of "y-". The last of these adaptations was the use of "-a-", as in nay or hale. This sound replaces the Old English sound of "-o-" (http://humansciences.king.ac.uk/humanities/hlscan.html).
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