objects and there exist three different kinds of comparison. First, we can make a comparison, if there are two (or more) objects present to our senses. Secondly a comparison emerges when only one of these two (or more) objects is present. Finally we are also able to make this comparison in a case where none of these objects are present to our senses. In the first case where two objects are present to our senses we make a perception not reasoning and that is a passive admission of impressions throughout the sense organs. *
             There exist different relations among objects, which are essential for causality.
             Cause and effect are contiguously related. Two different things may seem very distant. However when we elaborate them then we will reach the conclusion that they are causally related. I will try to explain this with an example. A is the cause of B. B is the cause of C. C is the cause of D.............X is the cause of Y. When we say that Y is the cause of A, then we make a right inference, although they look like two distant objects. With an examination like above we get the impression that a chain of causes links them.
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