habitation. Eastward and westward from the river, the land slopes away to marshes and swamplands. The climate is subtropical, so temperatures are usually very warm, with highs reaching around 110°F, and the summer brings monsoons, seasonal winds accompanied by heavy and continuous rainfall. The city consists of 40 square miles and the metropolitan, 533 square miles. The population in the city is 3,305,006 and in the metropolitan, 11,100,000, and these numbers by themselves are an indication of the overpopulation. To give a further idea, there are about 85,500 persons per square mile, and Calcutta has experienced a high rate of population growth for more than a century, but events such as the partitioning of Bengal in 1947 and warfare in Bangl
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