ds and boxlike sets of the stage, and little was done to change the basic filming of a play Yet, as the public grew more accustomed to film, it demanded more realistic settings. The first successful film utilizing modified stage effects was the German expressionism film Cabinet of Dr. Caligary (1919), created by Hermann Warm, Walter Rohrig, and Walter Reimann Expressionism dictated direct reelection of internal state in external media and paint-thus the sets of the film were created, forcing a 3-dimensional look of obvious theatre borrowed wooden props by using distorted forced perspective. Many films, not so much in America, but in Europe, were directly influenced by the genre, but not necessarily in following the look, but rather in the notion that the characters must be integrated and submerged into the setting surrounding them, an imaginary, highly constructed mood setting. It was the imagining of nature, construction of life, stylization of the truth, an invention of reality.
             A descendant of this tradition was another famous revolutionary film Metropolis (1926), designed by Otto Hunte, Karl Vollbrecht, and Erich Kettelhut focuses on dehumanizing machines and subterranean worker's quarter, city of the future, catacombs, pleasure palace, combination Gothic house, and science fiction laboratory, Tower of Babel, and the cathedral. It contains artificial sets that are predominantly descriptive, defamiliarising, and detach the audience from ordinary and everyday and plunge into an alternate, invented world or Art Deco style. This was also the first film to use the special effects technique by combining models with full-sized actors and party-built sets. A fully visual experience, Metropolis became the standard for science fiction for years to come.
             It spawned a whole new genre of fantasy and alternate worlds. Some of the most influential films follow in the footsteps of these masterpieces. Dracula, created by the grandfather...