For thousands of years, countless lives have been lost in battles over disputed territories. While the primary, tangible point of contention in most border disputes is an easily identifiable piece of land on a map; such disputes are often far more complex than what can be measured in square miles. ...

Kashmir is a beautiful region located between India, Pakistan, and China. The majority of the region's 13 million people live between the Himalayan Mountains and the Pir Panjal Mountains in the Kashmir Valley (Basinski, 4). Kashmir has two important water supplies that flow through it, the headwate...

A professor at the University of London, Institute for Advanced Studies in the Political Sciences and Humanities, George Modelski; writes "Globalization is a process along three dimensions: formation of world opinion, democratization, and political globalization." Arnold Toynbee&apos...

The terrorist act of the Twin Towers was indeed a horrible act, and those who were responsible need to be severely punished. However, this event also instilled a fear within many Americans of other such terrorist events in the future. Unfortunately, many times fear is associated with stereotypes and...

What military force we will see in the next millennium will not be conventional. Conventional military force, Defined as: the movement of mass armies across frontiers. I'm not saying that this won't happen but the likelihood of two states, especially major powers fighting each oth...

Uttar Tandon glanced up from his corn field outside Sr nagar to gaze at the midday sun. It was a hot day, and Tandon could hear the sound of gunfire in the hills to the north. For the last week or so the Pakistani geurillas had been harassing Indian positions near the city. Although the media w...

Responsibilities in War What is the responsibility of a citizen in times of war? This was the question on many people's minds after the September 11th attack on the twin towers. When President Bush declared war, was it because they attacked us, or because of their religion, maybe even oil, or...

With World War II out of the way, it brought an uprising in decolonization in many countries. This was a great thing to happen for people in these countries to gain independence from colonies and empires. Decolonization didn't happen over night, it took almost three decades after World War II...

War: Why wars occur Most wars result from a combination of causes. Three of the most common causes are conflicts over resources, clashing ideologies, and struggles over power. Conflicts over resources are the most basic and enduring causes of war. Resources include land, minerals, energy sou...

Youth Contribution Since the attack of Pearl Harbor, September 11 has become the second day that will live in infamy. Thousand of lives were lost due to a terrorist attack early that morning when three planes crashed into the World Trade Towers and the Pentagon. This tragedy has brought out patr...

Hitler was with no doubt the perpetrator of the Holocaust, responsible for the deaths innumerous souls in the early '40's. But an interesting thing to observe is the seldom-remembered Armenian Genocide; another pogrom where three-fifths of the Armenian population between the years of 191...

The role of women in learning and education underwent a gradual change in the Afro-Eurasian world and the Americas between the 11th and 15th centuries. As societies in Africa, Middle East, India, China, Europe, and America grew more complex they created new rights and new restrictions for women. I...

Like around the world today, in Europe's past, there were many religious wars and struggles for power. It was a time for monarchy and parliament to rule the land, also, a time for conquering and civil wars. The Spaniards had many different rulers to live under. One of them was Isabella and Ferdina...

ISRAELI HISTORY The country of Israel became a nation in 1312 B.C.E.. Since the Jewish conquest in 1272 B.C.E., the Jews have had dominion over the land for one thousand years with a continuous presence in the land for the past 3,300 years. The land of Jerusalem is of great importance to the Isra...

During World War I, and World War II, Germany was sepearated into two sides, the east which were the loyalist who supported Hitler. The west who did not support Hitler. There was a wall that seperated the two sides, but in 1989 the wall came down and Germany became a whole. In 1990, western G...

Semion Bolotin IB HL HISTORY Chronology of Main Dates 428 B.C. World's first democracy in Athens, Greece 300 B.C. Rome managed to defeat Carthage for the second time and gain dominance in Mediterranean. 989 Church council began to implement &q...

Introduction Genocide The U.N convention defines genocide as all acts committed with the intent to destroy in whole or in part a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group.1 What are the motives behind genocide? There lies within humans a potential to commit genocide. The dark side o...

"Anger in America." Detroit Free Press. 17 Oct. 2004, Editorial In the Editorial listed above, the author, who has not signed to the article, discusses the recent problems facing Americans today. A Muslim activist mentioned in the article, Eide Alawan, says that, "it is hard to tell what Americ...

According to Walter Russell Mead's article, A Darker Shadow Than Iraq, America's usual suspects, the Iraq's, have settled down under the interim government of Prime Minister Iyad Allawi, allowing room for America's new and upcoming threat, Iran. The Israelis are currently preoccupied with negot...

Chaz Morantz October, 2001 The Effects of Pearl Harbor and the WTC Attack In our history, there have been many conflicts between nations and within nations based upon ethnic and religious background. Entire wars have been fought based upon one race feeling superior to anot...

Japanese Americans suffered their own kind of racial prejudices during World War II, sending them into a separate group from the rest of the minorities. Many of these prejudices were violations of constitution rights and the ten amendments. Under the Roosevelt administration a bill was passed to li...

Alterity can be a powerful and unifying concept, serving to bring people together passionately towards a common goal. It has a far reaching effect in any scope or scale, from amalgamating warring local houses and tribes as in 11th Century France to coalescing adversative countries as in the Russian...

Back in the year of nineteen-forty-five, the allied nations of Canada, Britain, the United States of America, the Soviet Union and the British Commonwealth defeated the fascist government of Nazi Germany, ending nearly 6 years of war and ending the tyrannical reign of Adolph Hitler. It was a victo...

I appreciate what the men did for our country way back when, but those wars you spoke of weren't fought over nothing.If the leader of a world power were to publically annouce that you were Evil and must be destroyed and then began destroying countries that too were Evil, wouldn't you want to protect...

History notes many valiant actions performed by prominent figures displaying patriotic attitudes towards their countries. Many find it necessary to reject oppression, which appears to greatly hamper the progress of their nation, and will fight for their beliefs, even to the death. One who loves hi...