Nicholas II, 1868-1918 (r.1894-1917), was the son of Alexander Iii. As a youth he received little training in affairs of state. His reign continued the suppression of political opposition and persecution of minorities. Revolutionary groups proliferated, while liberals demanded constitutional governm...

In 1962, Cuban leaders became convinced that the United States was planningan attack on Cuba. Cuban leaders asked the U.S.S.R. for more military aid. The U.S.S.R. responded by sending missiles and materials to build launchsites. In October of that year, U.S. intelligence produced evidence that th...