and medical injustice. Some of these helpless victims suffered and died as a result of this benign neglect, when there were curative treatments available for them at the time. The individuals in the study were manipulated into consenting to participate in the study with false information given by the doctors. "Various methods were used to maintain and stimulate their interest. Free medicines, burial assistance or insurance, free hot meals on the days of examination, transport to and from the hospital and an opportunity to stop in town on the return trip...all helped." (7) The individuals spearheading the study supported their rationale by saying that "...Such individuals seemed to offer an unusual opportunity to study the untreated syphilitic patients from the beginning of the disease to the death of the infected person. An opportunity was also offered to compare the syphilitic process uninfluenced by modern treatment, with the results attained when treatment had been given."(6) By the time the study was revealed, 28 men had died of syphilis, 100 others were dead due to syphilis related complications, at least 40 wives had been infected and 19 children had contracted the disease at birth. Another case was that of J. Marion Sims from Alabama in 1840s. He was diligently seeking to find treatment for vesico-vaginal fistulas which was tears or rips between the vagina and bladder received during labor. However his procedure was crude and involved torturing slave women, inflicting an incredible amount of excruciating pain, paring away flesh without any suitable form of anesthesia, destroying bladders and leaving holes with gaps two inches wide. It is important to note that these crude procedures were performed only on black women. Sims refused to perfect his surgical skills on white men and women because of the pain that was inflicted on them. When referring to his white patients in his reports he states "the pain was so terrific that Mr...