ts to maintain acceptable social and personal attachments they must first have forged secure attachments with their primary caregivers in childhood (Ivey, Ivey & Simek-Morgan 1993: 172-173). This innate need for positive attachments and a 'secure base', if unsatisfied, will result in lack of trust and the inability to eventually form sound, intimate relationships (McLeod: 51-52). Bowlby's work was corroborated by empirical studies conducted with and by Mary Ainsworth in which it was shown that infants demonstrate varying degrees of anxiety when deprived of the company of their parent (Ivey & al: 174; Howe 1995:68-69). In summary, the psychodynamic approach is a broadly based perspective, which extrapolates Freud's original hypotheses and seeks to facilitate client insight by understanding the impact of childhood experiences and defence constructs suppressed in the unconscious.
             The psychodynamic technique of 'free association' would be particularly useful in counselling the case study client. As she presents with anxiet
             ...