ral reasons. First, Garvey was a common man who lacked formal education but who could electrify and persuade an audience with his speaking ability and his focus on black identity. Second, the UNIA was an international movement, with branches on several continents. Third, The Negro World, its weekly newspaper, was written in the language of the ordinary black person and was widely read by black people in every section of the United States. It used the written word as a weapon to mold a black global identity and to resist racism. Fourth, the businesses of the UNIA offered hope for blacks who were unemployed. Finally, although the UNIA was not a religious movement, its serious attention to religion made it a good model for the political structure of a Pan-Africanist religious movement (Turner, 1997, p. 20).
             Poole would later incorporate some of the central political ideals and Garvey's focus on the written and spoken word as a means of creating his own model for the Nation of Islam (Turner, 1997).
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