uth cultures
             such as punk, 'metallist' hard-rock groups and "golden youth". Although
             they feel they are expressing individuality through these groups, they are
             actually fitting into different structures, values and in fact, a totally
             Soviet society is concerned about what these youth cultures stand for,
             in particular the 'metallist' hard-rock groups. "They hate and despise our
             whole system, all our values. That's why they're dangerous, and why I'm
             pessimistic about the future" (Wilson, 1988, 22). In their defence, Alexei
             Kozlov, a member of a band, "extolled the virtues of heavy-metal rock." He
             said it was "an emotional outlet for underprivileged and unemployed young
             people...to work out their resentment...if we forbid this music, they will
             display their aggressiveness in other forms" (Traver, 1989, 1991).
             In combining their musical talents with their rebellion against an
             unjust society, these groups find an outlet for their anger and combine
             with others having the same interests. They work together with a goal
             Over the centuries the importance of the extended family, in Russia,
             has decreased considerably. At one time the family included grandparents,
             aunts, uncles and cousins and it was more important than the society in
             which it lived. The children were protected and controlled from outer
             forces by this large family with strong religious, cultural and family
             Similarly, the Samoan children share this strong value system. The
             longer the child is kept in controlled state, the more of the general
             cultural attitude it will absorb and the less of a disturbing element it
             In recent years, with Russian urbanization, family has become limited
             to parents and their children. They have more material goods but lose out
             socially and emotionally (Wilson, 1988, 28). From a young child nursery
             schools or kindergarten have taken over previous parental obligations. The
             schoo...