d to make nation out of diverse groups.
             Ethnic nationalism - desire for smaller group to have independence-conflicts w/state nationalism
             fueled Chinese revolution-humiliation of foreign control-nationalists think old gov't should be destroyed to preserve nation-Communists
             destroys traditional culture (Chinese-"Down w/ Confucius & Sons", Africa- nations based on colonial territory)
             India: independence from Britain w/nonviolence
             Germany: racial terms-justify extermination of Jews, Slavs
             Africa: end colonial rule- struggle to rule new, artificial states created as European colonies, not going back to traditional communities. Nationalism divides as well as unites- What people constitute a nation (All Africans, colonial territories, ethnic groups?) Difficulty in creating sense of loyalty to nation created from colonial territory. Bloody wars: Algeria, Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau (Portuguese colonies)
             Portugal: was repressive-won't negotiate w/colonies. Economic instability in countries where
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